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這份清單包含距離太陽系5秒差距(16.3光年)內所有已知的恆星和棕矮星。除了太陽系之外,目前已知在這個距離內還有56個恆星系統。這些系統共包含60顆進行氫融合的恆星(其中50顆是紅矮星)、13顆棕矮星和4顆白矮星。儘管這些天體相對而言都很接近地球,但是只有9顆的視星等小於6.5等,這意味著這些天體只有大約12%是可以用裸眼看見[1]。除了太陽之外,只有三顆是明亮的1等星:南門二(半人馬座α星)、天狼星(大犬座α星)、和南河三(小犬座α星)。這些天體全部都位於銀河系獵戶臂的本地泡。
恆星距離表[編輯]
# | 名稱 | 恆星 類型 | 視星等 | 絕對星等 | 有效溫度(±) (K) | 曆元J2000.0 | 視差[2][3](±) (角秒) | 距離[4](±) (光年) | 附加 參考 資料 |
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系統 | 恆星 | 赤經[2] | 赤緯[2] |
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| 太陽系 | 太陽 | G2V[2] | −26.72[2] | 4.85[2] | 5,778[5] | — | — | 180° | 0.0000158(3) (大約8光分) | |
1 | 南門二 (Rigil Kentaurus; Toliman) | 半人馬座比鄰星(V645 Centauri) | M5.5Ve | 11.09[2] | 15.53[2] | 3,040[6] | 14h 29m 43.0s | −62° 40′ 46″ | 0.768 87(0 29)″[7][8] | 4.2421(16) | [9] |
半人馬座αA(HD 128620) | G2V[2] | 0.01[2] | 4.38[2] | 5,790[6] | 14h 39m 36.5s | −60° 50′ 02″ | 0.747 23(1 17)″[7][10] | 4.3650(68) | |
半人馬座αB(HD 128621) | K0V[2] | 1.34[2] | 5.71[2] | 5,260[6] | 14h 39m 35.1s | −60° 50′ 14″ |
2 | 巴納德星(BD+04°3561a) | M4.0Ve | 9.53[2] | 13.22[2] | 3,134(102)[11] | 17h 57m 48.5s | +04° 41′ 36″ | 0.546 98(1 00)″[7][8] | 5.9630(109) | |
3 | Luhman 16 | WISE 1049-5319A | L8 | 10.73 ± 0.03 | | | 10h 49m 15.57s | −53° 19′ 06″ | 0.496 (37)[12] | 6.52(49) | |
WISE 1049-5319B | L9/T0? | | | |
3 | 沃夫359(CN Leonis) | M6.0V[2] | 13.44[2] | 16.55[2] | 2,800(100)[13] | 10h 56m 29.2s | +07° 00′ 53″ | 0.419 10(2 10)″[7] | 7.7825(390) | |
4 | 拉蘭德21185(BD+36°2147) | M2.0V[2] | 7.47[2] | 10.44[2] | 3,400[14] | 11h 03m 20.2s | +35° 58′ 12″ | 0.393 42(0 70)″[7][8] | 8.2905(148) | |
5 | 天狼星 (大犬座α) | 天狼星A | A1V[2] | −1.43[2] | 1.47[2] | 9,940(210)[15] | 06h 45m 08.9s | −16° 42′ 58″ | 0.380 02(1 28)″[7][8] | 8.5828(289) | |
天狼星B | DA2[2] | 8.44[2] | 11.34[2] | 25,000(200)[16] |
6 | 魯坦726-8 | 魯坦 726-8 A(鯨魚座BL) | M5.5Ve | 12.54[2] | 15.40[2] | 2,670 | 01h 39m 01.3s | −17° 57′ 01″ | 0.373 70(2 70)″[7] | 8.7280(631) | |
魯坦 726-8 B(鯨魚座UV) | M6.0Ve | 12.99[2] | 15.85[2] | ~2,600 |
6.5 | WISE 1541-2250 | Y0 | 21.16±0.36 | 20.99±0.52 | | 15h 41m 51.57s | −22° 50′ 25.03″ | 0.351″ ± 0.108″[17] | 9.3 +4.1/–2.2[17] | |
7 | 羅斯154(V1216 Sagittarii) | M3.5Ve | 10.43[2] | 13.07[2] | 2,700 | 18h 49m 49.4s | −23° 50′ 10″ | 0.336 90(1 78)″[7][8] | 9.6813(512) | |
8 | 羅斯248(HH Andromedae) | M5.5Ve | 12.29[2] | 14.79[2] | ? | 23h 41m 54.7s | +44° 10′ 30″ | 0.316 00(1 10)″[7] | 10.322(36) | |
9 | 天苑四(BD−09°697) | K2V[2] | 3.73[2] | 6.19[2] | 5,100 | 03h 32m 55.8s | −09° 27′ 30″ | 0.309 99(0 79)″[7][8] | 10.522(27) | |
10 | 拉卡伊9352(CD−36°15693) | M1.5Ve | 7.34[2] | 9.75[2] | 3,340 | 23h 05m 52.0s | −35° 51′ 11″ | 0.303 64(0 87)″[7][8] | 10.742(31) | |
11 | 羅斯128(FI Virginis) | M4.0Vn | 11.13[2] | 13.51[2] | 2,800 | 11h 47m 44.4s | +00° 48′ 16″ | 0.298 72(1 35)″[7][8] | 10.919(49) | |
12 | 寶瓶座EZ (GJ 866,魯坦 789-6) | EZ Aquarii A | M5.0Ve | 13.33[2] | 15.64[2] | ? | 22h 38m 33.4s | −15° 18′ 07″ | 0.289 50(4 40)″[7] | 11.266(171) | |
EZ Aquarii B | M? | 13.27[2] | 15.58[2] | ? |
EZ Aquarii C | M? | 14.03[2] | 16.34[2] | ? |
13 | 南河三 (小犬座α) | 南河三 A | F5V-IV[2] | 0.38[2] | 2.66[2] | 6,650 | 07h 39m 18.1s | +05° 13′ 30″ | 0.286 05(0 81)″[7][8] | 11.402(32) | |
南河三 B | DA[2] | 10.70[2] | 12.98[2] | 9,700 |
14 | 天津增二十九 | 61 Cygni A(BD+38°4343) | K5.0V[2] | 5.21[2] | 7.49[2] | 4,640 | 21h 06m 53.9s | +38° 44′ 58″ | 0.286 04(0 56)″[7][8] | 11.403(22) | |
61 Cygni B(BD+38°4344) | K7.0V[2] | 6.03[2] | 8.31[2] | 4,440 | 21h 06m 55.3s | +38° 44′ 31″ |
15 | Struve 2398 (GJ 725, BD+59°1915) | Struve 2398 A(HD 173739) | M3.0V[2] | 8.90[2] | 11.16[2] | ? | 18h 42m 46.7s | +59° 37′ 49″ | 0.283 00(1 69)″[7][8] | 11.525(69) | |
Struve 2398 B(HD 173740) | M3.5V[2] | 9.69[2] | 11.95[2] | ? | 18h 42m 46.9s | +59° 37′ 37″ |
16 | Groombridge 34 (GJ 15) | Groombridge 34 A(GX Andromedae) | M1.5V[2] | 8.08[2] | 10.32[2] | ? | 0h 18m 22.9s | +44° 01′ 23″ | 0.280 59(0 95)″[7][8] | 11.624(39) | |
Groombridge 34 B(GQ Andromedae) | M3.5V[2] | 11.06[2] | 13.30[2] | ? |
17 | 波斯七 (CPD−57°10015) | Epsilon Indi A | K5Ve[2] | 4.69[2] | 6.89[2] | 4,280 | 22h 03m 21.7s | −56° 47′ 10″ | 0.275 84(0 69)″[7][8] | 11.824(30) | |
Epsilon Indi Ba | T1.0V | >23 | >25 | 1,280 | 22h 04m 10.5s | −56° 46′ 58″ |
Epsilon Indi Bb | T6.0V | >23 | >25 | 850 |
18 | 巨蟹座DX(G 51-15) | M6.5Ve | 14.78[2] | 16.98[2] | ? | 08h 29m 49.5s | +26° 46′ 37″ | 0.275 80(3 00)″[7] | 11.826(129) | |
19 | 天倉五(BD−16°295) | G8Vp[2] | 3.49[2] | 5.68[2] | 5,344 | 01h 44m 04.1s | −15° 56′ 15″ | 0.274 39(0 76)″[7][8] | 11.887(33) | |
20 | GJ 1061(LHS 1565) | M5.5V[2] | 13.09[2] | 15.26[2] | ? | 03h 35m 59.7s | −44° 30′ 45″ | 0.272 01(1 30)″[18] | 11.991(57) | [19][20] |
21 | 鯨魚座YZ星(LHS 138) | M4.5V[2] | 12.02[2] | 14.17[2] | ? | 01h 12m 30.6s | −16° 59′ 56″ | 0.268 84(2 95)″[7][8] | 12.132(133) | |
22 | 魯坦星(BD+05°1668) | M3.5Vn | 9.86[2] | 11.97[2] | ? | 07h 27m 24.5s | +05° 13′ 33″ | 0.263 76(1 25)″[7][8] | 12.366(59) | |
23 | 蒂加登星(SO025300.5+165258) | M6.5V | 15.14[2] | 17.22[2] | ? | 02h 53m 00.9s | +16° 52′ 53″ | 0.260 63(2 69)″[18] | 12.514(129) | [20] |
24 | SCR 1845-6357 | SCR 1845-6357 A | M8.5V[2] | 17.39 | 19.41 | ? | 18h 45m 05.3s | −63° 57′ 48″ | 0.259 45(1 11)″[18] | 12.571(54) | [20] |
SCR 1845-6357 B | T6[21] | ? | ? | 950[21] | 18h 45m 02.6s | −63° 57′ 52″ |
25 | 卡普坦星(CD−45°1841) | M1.5V[2] | 8.84[2] | 10.87[2] | 3,800 | 05h 11m 40.6s | −45° 01′ 06″ | 0.255 27(0 86)″[7][8] | 12.777(43) | |
26 | Lacaille 8760(AX Microscopii) | M0.0V[2] | 6.67[2] | 8.69[2] | 3,340 | 21h 17m 15.3s | −38° 52′ 03″ | 0.253 43(1 12)″[7][8] | 12.870(57) | |
27 | Kruger 60 (BD+56°2783) | Kruger 60 A | M3.0V[2] | 9.79[2] | 11.76[2] | 3,180 | 22h 27m 59.5s | +57° 41′ 45″ | 0.248 06(1 39)″[7][10] | 13.149(74) | |
Kruger 60 B(DO Cephei) | M4.0V[2] | 11.41[2] | 13.38[2] | 2,890 |
28 | DEN 1048-3956 | M8.5V[2] | 17.39[2] | 19.37[2] | ? | 10h 48m 14.7s | −39° 56′ 06″ | 0.247 71(1 55)″[18] | 13.167(82) | [22][23] |
29 | 羅斯614 (V577 Monocerotis, GJ 234) | Ross 614A(LHS 1849) | M4.5V[2] | 11.15[2] | 13.09[2] | ? | 06h 29m 23.4s | −02° 48′ 50″ | 0.244 34(2 01)″[7][10] | 13.349(110) | |
Ross 614B(LHS 1850) | M5.5V | 14.23[2] | 16.17[2] | ? |
30 | Gl 628(Wolf 1061, BD−12°4523) | M3.0V[2] | 10.07[2] | 11.93[2] | ? | 16h 30m 18.1s | −12° 39′ 45″ | 0.236 01(1 67)″[7][8] | 13.820(98) | |
31 | 范馬南星(Gl 35, LHS 7) | DZ7[2] | 12.38[2] | 14.21[2] | ? | 00h 49m 09.9s | +05° 23′ 19″ | 0.231 88(1 79)″[7][8] | 14.066(109) | |
32 | 格利澤1(CD−37°15492) | M3.0V[2] | 8.55[2] | 10.35[2] | ? | 00h 05m 24.4s | −37° 21′ 27″ | 0.229 20(1 07)″[7][8] | 14.231(66) | |
33 | 沃夫424 (室女座FL,LHS 333, GJ 473) | Wolf 424 A | M5.5Ve | 13.18[2] | 14.97[2] | ? | 12h 33m 17.2s | +09° 01′ 15″ | 0.227 90(4 60)″[7] | 14.312(289) | |
Wolf 424 B | M7Ve | 13.17[2] | 14.96[2] | ? |
34 | 白羊座TZ(GJ 83.1, Luyten 1159-16) | M4.5V[2] | 12.27[2] | 14.03[2] | ? | 02h 00m 13.2s | +13° 03′ 08″ | 0.224 80(2 90)″[7] | 14.509(187) | |
35 | Gl 687(LHS 450, BD+68°946) | M3.0V[2] | 9.17[2] | 10.89[2] | ? | 17h 36m 25.9s | +68° 20′ 21″ | 0.220 49(0 82)″[7][8] | 14.793(55) | |
36 | LHS 292(LP 731-58) | M6.5V[2] | 15.60[2] | 17.32[2] | ? | 10h 48m 12.6s | −11° 20′ 14″ | 0.220 30(3 60)″[7] | 14.805(242) | |
37 | Gl 674(LHS 449) | M3.0V[2] | 9.38[2] | 11.09[2] | ? | 17h 28m 39.9s | −46° 53′ 43″ | 0.220 25(1 59)″[7][8] | 14.809(107) | |
38 | GJ 1245 | GJ 1245 A | M5.5V[2] | 13.46[2] | 15.17[2] | ? | 19h 53m 54.2s | +44° 24′ 55″ | 0.220 20(1 00)″[7] | 14.812(67) | |
GJ 1245 B | M6.0V[2] | 14.01[2] | 15.72[2] | ? | 19h 53m 55.2s | +44° 24′ 56″ |
GJ 1245 C | M? | 16.75[2] | 18.46[2] | ? | 19h 53m 54.2s | +44° 24′ 55″ |
39 | GJ 440(WD 1142-645) | DQ6[2] | 11.50[2] | 13.18[2] | 7,500 | 11h 45m 42.9s | −64° 50′ 29″ | 0.216 57(2 01)″[7][8] | 15.060(140) | |
40 | GJ 1002 | M5.5V[2] | 13.76[2] | 15.40[2] | ? | 00h 06m 43.8s | −07° 32′ 22″ | 0.213 00(3 60)″[7] | 15.313(259) | |
41 | 羅斯780(GJ 876) | M3.5V[2] | 10.17[2] | 11.81[2] | 3,480 | 22h 53m 16.7s | −14° 15′ 49″ | 0.212 59(1 96)″[7][8] | 15.342(141) | |
42 | LHS 288(Luyten 143-23) | M5.5V[2] | 13.90[2] | 15.51[2] | ? | 10h 44m 21.2s | −61° 12′ 36″ | 0.208 95(2 73)″[18] | 15.610(204) | [20] |
43 | GJ 412 | GJ 412 A | M1.0V[2] | 8.77[2] | 10.34[2] | ? | 11h 05m 28.6s | +43° 31′ 36″ | 0.206 02(1 08)″[7][8] | 15.832(83) | |
GJ 412 B(WX Ursae Majoris) | M5.5V[2] | 14.48[2] | 16.05[2] | ? | 11h 05m 30.4s | +43° 31′ 18″ |
44 | Groombridge 1618(GJ 380) | K7.0V[2] | 6.59[2] | 8.16[2] | 4,000 | 10h 11m 22.1s | +49° 27′ 15″ | 0.205 81(0 67)″[7][8] | 15.848(52) | |
45 | GJ 388 | M3.0V[2] | 9.32[2] | 10.87[2] | ? | 10h 19m 36.4s | +19° 52′ 10″ | 0.204 60(2 80)″[7] | 15.942(218) | |
46 | GJ 832 | M3.0V[2] | 8.66[2] | 10.20[2] | ? | 21h 33m 34.0s | −49° 00′ 32″ | 0.202 78(1 32)″[7][8] | 16.085(105) | |
47 | LP 944-020 | M9.0V[2] | 18.50[2] | 20.02[2] | ? | 03h 39m 35.2s | −35° 25′ 41″ | 0.201 40(4 20)″[24] | 16.195(338) | |
48 | DEN 0255-4700 | L7.5V[2] | 22.92[2] | 24.44[2] | ? | 02h 55m 03.7s | −47° 00′ 52″ | 0.201 37(3 89)″[18] | 16.197(313) | [23] |
49 | GJ 682 | M4.5V[2] | 10.95[2] | 12.45[2] | ? | 17h 37m 03.7s | −44° 19′ 09″ | 0.199 65(2 30)″[7][8] | 16.337(188) | |
# | 系統 | 恆星 | 恆星 類型 | mV | MV | Teff K(±err) | RA[2] | Dec[2] | Parallax[2][3] Arcseconds(±err) | 距離[4] 光年(±err) | 附加 參考資料 |
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名稱 | 曆元J2000.0 |
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近距離恆星圖[編輯]
下圖是距離太陽在14光年以內的32顆恆星位置圖,雙星和三合星會以實際的數量推疊,但真實的位置是以最靠近中心平面的那一顆為準,顏色則與上面的表相對應。