Evelyn Berezin (April 12, 1925 – December 8, 2018) was an American computer designerof the first computer-driven word processor.[2][3] She was also worked on computer-controlled systems for airline reservations.[4]
Early life and education[edit]
Berezin was born in the Bronx in 1925 to Jewish immigrants from Russian Empire, and attended Christopher Columbus High School.[2] She started university at Hunter College in January 1941, studying Economics instead of the Physics she preferred because it was preferred as a subject for women at that time. After WWII started, new opportunities made the study of physics possible with a scholarship at New York University, plus free classes at both Hunter and Brooklyn Polytech during the war years. At the same time, she worked full-time during the day as an assistant in the Rheology Department of the Research Division of the International Printing Company (IPI). Going to university at night, she received her B.S. in physics in 1946.[2]
Career and contributions[edit]
Berezin began graduate work at New York University, holding a fellowship from the United States Atomic Energy Commission.[5] In 1951 she accepted a job with the Electronic Computer Corporation and began there as head of the Logic Design Department. Berezin was the only person doing the logic design for computers being developed by ECC.[5] In 1957 ECC was purchased by Underwood Corporation (originally known as the Underwood Typewriter Company). Here, she designed a number of computers which were very general in structure but individual in specific application. Among them was a system for the US Army for range calculations, a system for controlling the distribution of magazines, and what is now considered the first office computer.[6]
The Underwood Typewriter Company was not able to continue the development beyond 1957, and Berezin went to a company called Teleregister, where she developed the first computerized banking system and also an airline reservation system which controlled 60 cities in a communication system that provided 1 second response time.[7]
In 1968, Berezin had the idea for a word processor to simplify the work of secretaries, and in 1969 she founded Redactron Corporation,[8][5] which became a public company and delivered thousands of systems to customers throughout its international marketing organization. The company's main product was called the "Data Secretary" and it was the size of a small refrigerator, had no screen, and the keyboard and printer was an IBM Selectric typewriter.[2]
In the 1970s, although the market continued strong the economy suffered a serious inflation, increasing interest rates to a level (16%) which was untenable for a business like Redactron which operated in a world in which equipment was rented. The Company was sold to the Burroughs Corporation in 1976, and integrated into its office equipment division. Berezin stayed on until 1979. [9]
In 1980, Berezin served as President of Greenhouse Management Company, General Partner of a venture capital group dedicated to early stage high technology companies.[5]
Throughout her career she received honorary doctorates from Adelphi University andEastern Michigan University.[5] Berezin also served on the Boards of CIGNA, Standard Microsystems, Koppers, and Datapoint.[10]
Berezin served on the Board of the Stony Brook Foundation at Stony Brook University, theBrookhaven National Laboratory and the Boyce Thompson Institute.[5]
Berezin established the Berezin-Wilenitz Endowment, which will give the value of her estate to fund either a chair, professorship, or research fund at Stony Brook in any field of science as stated in her will and testament.[11] In addition to the endowment, Berezin and her late husband funded the Sam and Rose Berezin Endowed Scholarship, a full-tuition scholarship that is awarded to an undergraduate student who plans to study in the field of science, engineering or mathematics, in honor of her parents. Berezin and Wilenitz also established the Israel Wilenitz Endowment. This provides discretionary funds to the Linguistics Department at Stony Brook University, where Wilenitz received a Master's Degree.[11]
Personal life[edit]
Berezin was married for 51 years to Israel Wilenitz, born in 1922 in London. Wilenitz died on February 20, 2003.[12] Berezin died on December 8, 2018 at the age of 93.[2]
Patents[edit]
- Information Transfer Apparatus[14][15]
- Electronic Data File Processor[16][17]
- Information Transfer System[18][19]
- On-Line Data Transfer Apparatus[20][21]
- Electrical Assemblage[22][23]
- Data Processing System[24][25]
- Arithmetic Device[26][27]
- Electronic Calculator with Dynamic Recirculating Storage Register[28][29]
- Control means with Record Sensing for an Electronic Calculator[30][31]
